“Why do we celebrate Christmas?” my partner asked one year. We were newly married and I was studying at a Unitarian Unviersalist (UU) seminary out in California. We were preparing for our first Christmas all on our own. It was a good question. My partner was raised Catholic but does not identify as Christian, and it felt disingenuous to him to celebrate the birth of Jesus. Why did I celebrate Christmas? I was raised UU, and had always celebrated Christmas, gathering on Christmas Eve with candles and carols. But now I was in seminary, peering into the “why” underneath my beliefs and habits, trying to understand my faith tradition more deeply, creating new rituals and forms of worship with my classmates on a weekly basis.
I decided perhaps I celebrated the Solstice, which was a fact of nature and science, an inflection point in the wheel of the year. Our tree would be a solstice tree, I decided, because after all the yule tree tradition predates and was incorporated into the celebration of Christmas, as do many Christmas traditions, like wreaths, carols, gifts, candles. We were taught about that in my UU church. But the solstice itself was a school day, and though we had invited friends over for dinner, it didn’t really feel like a solstice celebration. “Perhaps we should go up onto the quad and have some kind of impromptu ritual?” I suggested. There were no takers. It didn’t feel fully authentic to me anyway. I’d only been to a handful of rituals celebrating the pagan sabbaths. I came to 2 conclusions- first, I decided wanted to start paying attention to the 8 pagan sabbaths of the solar year. second, I realized how hard it is to fight Cultural hegemony. (which is a fancy way of saying some ideas and customs in our culture just seem normal, and are reinforced in subtle and not so subtle ways). Schools, banks and government offices are closed on Christmas Day. It seems easy and normal for Americans to celebrate Christmas, you already have the day off, and the commercial and cultural expressions of the holiday are everywhere in our culture since before Halloween- that’s cultural hegemony. It takes a lot of effort and thought to do something different, like you are swimming upstream.
Hanukkah starts tonight at sundown. It commemorates a historic moment when a small band of fighters, the Maccabees, stood up against the religious persecution by Antiochus IV Epiphanes, who outlawed Jewish religious practice, and desecrated the Jewish temple in intentional acts of religious persecution. After the battle, the Jewish priests needed to rededicate the temple. Hanukkah celebrates the miracle of the single little bottle of holy oil that lasted 8 days, long enough for newly blessed oil to be made so that the light could once again burn continuously in observance of Jewish Law.
The Talmud, the central Jewish book of rabbinic teachings, tells us about the way the candles should be lit over the 8 days, and also that “The Menorah should be placed where it is visible from outside the house in order to proclaim the miracle of Hanukkah to all passers-by–l’farsumei nisah (O.H. 671:5, B. Shab. 24a).”[i] On a recent podcast[ii], Rachel Goldberg- Polin, a teacher of Jewish studies, who became an activist when her son was abducted by Hamas in the October 7 attacks, introduced me to the idea of Pirsumei Nisa (publicizing the miracle) which is why Jewish law calls for lighting the eight candles in a window or doorway where others can see. She explained that Hanukkah is like Jewish Pride week - “we’re here, we’re Jews, get used to it” It is, she said a “PDA about our Jewishness.” She once told a non-Jewish neighbor who lived across the street. “you actually get to participate in us fulfilling our mitzvah ... by you seeing them we are performing our obligation of Pirsumei Nissa, of publicizing the miracle."
I love that even though I am not Jewish, and don’t know how to say the prayers over the Hanukkah lights, I can be the one who sees, who witnesses the lights.
Among Unitarian Universalists, some are Jewish, some are Christian, some are Muslim, some are Buddhist, some are Pagan, some, like me, were born and raised in this faith, or became UU later in life as their primary religious tradition. We are multi-religious communities, even when we are all UUs.
When I first became the minister of the Athens congregation, we celebrated our traditional candlelight service on December 23, and we told stories and lit candles for a variety of religious observances, Advent, Hanukkah, solstice, Kwanza. It was a beautiful message about our value of plurality, but it made me a little uncomfortable to lead an observance from a tradition that was not my own.
We were learning, in our multiculturalism training, that UUs tend to err on emphasizing how all religions are similar, and missing some of the important differences. There is a benefit to noticing how we are all the same, how we all experience the dark of winter, and notice how darkness and light, especially candle light are part of these holiday traditions. This is a great first step for folks who are just learning about religious difference, or who may be afraid of folks who are different from them, to notice our common humanity. But when we want to go a bit farther on the journey of being truly multi-cultural, it’s important to notice that there are differences that make a difference. In Judaism it matters when you light the candles. To some Jewish folks it’s a micro-aggression to conflate Christmas and Hanukkah.
The congregation had a great conversation about what was important to us about the Candle light service, and about Christmas Eve. We decided we wanted to let each holiday be it’s own thing. We would talk about Hanukkah on Hanukkah, we would notice the Solstice on the Solstice. We would let our Christmas eve celebration (which still moves around a bit and this year is on the 23 and 24) include the traditional Christmas stories and carols, and if that’s too much Jesus for those of us who are not Christian, that’s okay.
There’s a phrase “not about us without us” which is a good touchstone for multi-cultural and multi- faith situations. We try to let the Jewish members of our community take the lead on Hanukkah. We don’t try to do a big pagan circle on the solstice (which we have done some years) if we don’t have any members who practice in those traditions. We don’t traditionally light the Kinara on Kwanza, since we haven’t had any members who celebrate that tradition in recent years. We stopped lighting the advent wreath for the same reason. But if you are listening to this right now saying, wait, I love advent, I light the advent wreath at home! or if you light the Kinara and wish you could share that with your church community, please come talk to me, we want to include your traditions here in this multi-religious community.
We UUS value plurality, but sometimes it’s hard to know how to put that into practice. These days I tend to lean towards valuing the differences of the real people who gather together on Sunday and shifting our practices to include those who will join us for the first time in the future. We value plurality in the larger community too, knowing we are called to advocate for the freedom of all to be who they are, but we are just too small and our lives are just too short to know every culture, every religion, every eco system deeply. So we start by noticing and honoring the plurality right here, in the space we share.
If you go to another UU church on Christmas Eve, you may see something totally different. We do it this way not because it’s the one right way, but because we thought about it, we wrestled with it, and this seems to work for now.
Goldberg-Polin mentioned that the time of the origin of Hanukkah was a time when some Jewish people observed the Jewish law very strictly, others had let go of the law and become assimilated, and others, as she said “have a foot in both worlds”. She added “this should sound extremely familiar today. She said “Most of us are not completely assimilated Hellenists, most of us are struggling in the middle. And when we say the word struggle.. actually struggling means you’re grappling your, digesting, your thinking, you are being alive." The podcast host Dan Senor continued "You are engaged, you are engaged in the debates, in the contents in the dilemmas" Goldberg-Polin continued "and trying to not go to either extreme, and how do we do it?...We have to each say to ourselves...where do we draw the line?... If we're not sure who we are and what we stand for, figure it out"
We were talking the other day at our Discover UU class about what we believe, and someone said wisely “this is not an easy faith.” There was a nodding of heads. We don’t have a catechism to memorize, or laws to observe. We have a rich history and tradition, we have values we try to live out in the world and we have a covenant of how we will be together. But when it comes to how to celebrate the winter holidays, each of us is invited into that struggling, that grappling. What does it mean to you to observe the season? What does it mean to us as a multi-religious community?
The great thing about traditions, rituals, is that even as they provide continuity year to year, generation to generation, each year they touch us in a different way, and each year they speak to the unique moment in history.
Today we share the wisdom of Hanukkah, and whether or not we are Jewish, we notice how that wisdom speaks to us. Next week we will celebrate the Solstice, the turning point of the year, inviting each of us to notice the turning of the season, grounding ourselves the cycles of nature. Then we will gather after dark for our candle light service, whether or not we are Christian, to share in the wisdom and mystery of the nativity. Because we value plurality, we will hopefully witness things that are new to us, that challenge us, and things that ground us in our own traditions, our own history and beliefs. I invite you, to take it all in, to let it touch you wherever your spirit needs to be touched, and if you ever find yourself asking “who do we do it this way?” know you are part of a grand UU tradition of asking that very same question. I invite you to struggle, to grapple, to digest, to think, to engage, to be both grounded and enlarged by the wisdom of the season.
Notes:
[i] https://www.jtsa.edu/torah/the-laws-of-hanukkah/
[ii] https://callmeback.simplecast.com/episodes/toga-or-torah-with-rachel-goldberg-polin-sEbEt7Gi “call me back” Toga or Torah - with Rachel Goldberg-Polin











